How climate change dried up a Canadian glacier river in a matter of days
In only four days, the retreat of the #Kaskawulsh Glacier caused the Slims River to suddenly and unexpectedly disappear in an unusual phenomenon known as ’river piracy.’
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/2017/0418/How-climate-change-dried-up-a-Canadian-glacier-river-in-a-matter-of-days?
#glaciers #glace #climat #Canada #changement_climatique
Why Chad shut its border with Libya
The threat of terrorism – as well as an interest in impressing the new administration in Washington – are likely factors.
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2017/0121/Why-Chad-shut-its-border-with-Libya
#Tchad #Libye #frontières #fermeture_des_frontières #terrorisme
cc @reka
Libya signs borders control agreement with southern neighboring countries
Libya’s Foreign Ministry announced that Libya had signed an agreement with its southern neighboring countries Niger, Chad and Sudan to secure the joint borders against human trafficking and weapons smuggling.
The Foreign Minister Mohammed Sayala signed on Thursday in the capital of Chad N’Djamena the agreement which will help jointly secure the borders, according to the ministry’s statement.
“Libya is working on supporting joint relations between the four countries and is keen to support all efforts to combat terrorism, transnational organized crime, smuggling of all kinds, illegal migration, mercenaries, arms smuggling, and smuggling of all kinds of subsidized commodities and petroleum derivatives." Sayala said, according to the statement.
Libya has lately announced the launching of a new operation to combat IS remaining militants and to fight the threats to the security and chaos caused by criminals, smugglers and human traffickers.
▻https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/libya-signs-borders-control-agreement-southern-neighboring-countries
#Niger #Soudan #accord
Subject: Sudanese Rapid Support Forces as beneficiaries of EU funds
The Sudanese government has deployed its militia, the #Rapid_Support_Forces (#RSF), at the borders with Libya to prohibit irregular migration and combat human trafficking. The RSF’s crimes against humanity and war crimes are well documented (i.a. by the International Criminal Court). Amnesty International reports that the Sudanese government may also have used chemical weapons against civilians in Darfur in 2016.
The EU cooperates with the Sudanese government in the area of migration, notably through the project ‘Better Migration Management (Khartoum Process)’ and, according to the relevant Action Fiche, provides i.a. capacity building support to front-line officials. The Action Fiche lists ‘provision of equipment and trainings to sensitive national authorities diverted for repressive aims’ as a risk. However, it does not indicate any direct mitigation measure to address this.
1. Are the RSF direct or indirect beneficiaries of EU funds in the context of this or any other project?
2. Does the EU consider the RSF eligible for future EU capacity-building projects in support of security and development (CBSD)?
3. Why are there no direct mitigation measures to counter the serious risk inherent in this project, and how will the EU ensure compliance with international humanitarian law and international human rights law, and prevent complicity in serious human rights abuses, war crimes and crimes against humanity?
▻http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+WQ+E-2016-007564+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN
#processus_de_khartoum
Giraffes added to ’vulnerable’ list after population shrinks 40 percent - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/2016/1208/Giraffes-added-to-vulnerable-list-after-population-shrinks-40-percent
With their populations diminishing nearly 40 percent in the past 30 years, the world’s tallest land animal is at risk of going extinct, biologists warned on Thursday, as they added giraffes to an official watch list of threatened and endangered species.
As South Korean women fight for their rights, the gloves come off - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2016/1208/As-South-Korean-women-fight-for-their-rights-the-gloves-come-off
By holding up a confrontational online ’mirror’ to South Korea’s conservative yet tech-savvy society, a provocative website has paved a path for a new generation of activist young feminists.
Les Sioux et leurs terres ancestrales de nouveau menacés par l’industrie pétrolière
►http://www.bastamag.net/Les-Sioux-feront-ils-plier-un-gigantesque-projet-d-oleoduc-finance-par-des
Depuis plusieurs semaines, les Sioux de la réserve de Standing Rock, dans le Dakota du Nord, résistent à un projet d’oléoduc géant. Le « Dakota Access Pipeline » menace leurs terres, leurs sources d’eau et fait peser un risque de pollution supplémentaire sur le Missouri. L’affaire est en train de prendre une envergure nationale aux États-Unis. Une décision de justice provisoire vient de faire cesser temporairement les travaux sur une partie du territoire. Voici le récit de Winona LaDuke, militante et femme politique amérindienne. « Qu’aurait fait Sitting Bull ? », s’interroge-t-elle, en référence au leader historique de la résistance à la colonisation.
#témoignages, #amériques, #capitalisme, #droit_à_la_terre, #accès_à_l_eau, #gaz_de_schiste
North Dakota pipeline spill larger than previously thought
An initial appraisal of the #Belle_Fourche Pipeline spill in December estimated that 176,000 gallons of oil had been released from the leaking pipe. But now, officials are saying that number was actually about three times larger – 529,839 gallons of leaked oil.
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/2017/0326/North-Dakota-pipeline-spill-larger-than-previously-thought?cmpid=TW
#pollution
cc @albertocampiphoto
Is Alabama’s judiciary too white? - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Justice/2016/0908/Is-Alabama-s-judiciary-too-white
For a state where about a quarter of the population is African-American, Alabama has 19 elected appellate judges, and they all look remarkably white.
[…]
The lawsuit points out that no African-American has ever won an election any of the state’s three appellate courts in the past 21 years. Only three black judges have ever served on the highest bench, the Alabama Supreme Court. All three of those were appointed, not elected, during their first term, and only two were able to win reelection afterwards. Since 1994, every African-American running for any of the three courts has been defeated by a white candidate, and all 19 currently serving appellate judges are white.
The racial homogeneity among judges in a state where 27 percent of the population is black can be explained by a voting system that the lawsuit claims shuts out black Alabamians from serving on the bench, according to the Anniston Star.
Alabama’s “at-large” system is shared by only a few other states. Judges elected by the at-large process are voted on by everyone in the state, rather than by voters in a district within the state, the more customary method. Since black voters are a minority in Alabama, it is all but impossible for them to elect a black judge while competing with a majority of white voters, as votes in the state tend to polarize along racial lines.
Baghdad Wall
The Baghdad Wall is the name being given by some media outlets to a 5 km long (3 mile) wall being built by the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division of the United States Army around the predominantly Sunni district of Adhamiya in Baghdad, Iraq. Construction of the 3.6 m high (12 ft) concrete wall began on 10 April 2007.
Maj. Gen. William Caldwell, the senior spokesman for coalition forces in Iraq, was reportedly[1] unaware of the construction of the Baghdad wall, saying on 18 April 2007, “We have no intent to build gated communities in Baghdad. Our goal is to unify Baghdad, not subdivide it into separate [enclaves].”
However, a news release on the same day from the Multi-National Corps-Iraq announced that “the wall [in Adhamiyah] is one of the centerpieces of a new strategy by coalition and Iraqi forces to break the cycle of sectarian violence.[2] Planners hope the creation of the wall will help restore law and order by providing a way to screen people entering and exiting the neighborhood — allowing residents and people with legitimate business in, while keeping death squads and militia groups out.”[3]
Dawood al-Azami, acting head of the Adhamiya council, said on 21 April that construction of the wall had begun before the council had approved the American proposal: “A few days ago, we met with the U.S. army unit in charge of Adhamiya and it asked us, as a local council, to sign a document to build a wall to reduce killing and attacks against Iraqi and U.S. forces. I told the soldiers that I would not sign it unless I could talk to residents first. We told residents at Friday prayers, but our local council hasn’t signed onto the project yet, and construction is already under way.”[4]
On 22 April, Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki called for the building work to cease. Subsequently, on 23 April, an estimated 7,000 Iraqis engaged in a peaceful demonstration against the wall, several carrying banners reading (in English) “No to the sectarian barrier.” [5]
Following the demonstration, the U.S. military issued a statement that “the construction of the wall is under review” and that they would “coordinate with the Iraq government to establish effective appropriate security measures.” However, at a news conference later on the same day, spokesmen for the U.S. and Iraqi military stated that they had no plans to stop building temporary separation barriers, with Brigadier General Qassim Atta describing the media reports that the Iraqi Prime Minister was protesting about as “groundless.”[5]
At the news conference, Brigadier General Atta said: “The prime minister is in agreement with the work of the security forces and the issue of security barriers. We will continue to set up these barriers in Adhamiya and other areas.” According to Atta, the barriers — which were to consist, he said, of sand barriers, trenches, barbed wire and concrete barriers constructed from moveable sections each weighing 6.3 tonnes (6.9 short tons) – would be only a temporary measure, to secure specific areas of Baghdad, and would be moved once each area was considered secure.[5]
One wall was dismantled in Baghdad in September 2008.[6] In June 2009, the Iraqi government announced it would begin dismantling the remaining walls in Baghdad.[7]
How Uber knows your phone battery is dying and more - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Technology/2016/0521/How-Uber-knows-your-phone-battery-is-dying-and-more
The deciding factor between a potential user hailing an Uber during peak hours or deciding to wait for fares to die down? The charge left on their smartphone.
The surprising correlation was revealed by chief economic researcher at Uber Keith Chen in an interview with NPR’s Hidden Brain podcast. Users are much more likely to accept surge pricing when their phones are close to dying, versus users with a full charge.
Dr. Chen talked about the massive amont of data the ride-hailing service collects about users. So much so that, he says, the service takes precautions to use it ethically. For example, Uber may know about the low-battery link to surge pricing, but it doesn’t utilize it to charge a premium.
Florida sinkhole archeological site recasts ’peopling of the Americas’ narrative - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2016/0513/Florida-sinkhole-archeological-site-recasts-peopling-of-the-Americas-narr
Deep in an underwater sinkhole in a river in Florida, archeologists have found the remains of a prehistoric population of humans that lived in the region some 14,550 years ago. Stone tools, mastodon bones with distinct cut marks, and mastodon dung hold enticing clues into the lives of these early Americans and the megafauna around them. Those new findings are reported in a paper published Friday in the journal Science Advances.
Today these findings are accepted as adding to the early prehistory of the Americas, but that wasn’t the case for artifacts unearthed from the same site just decades ago.
Pre-Clovis occupation 14,550 years ago at the Page-Ladson site, Florida, and the peopling of the Americas | Science Advances
▻http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/5/e1600375
Abstract
Stone tools and mastodon bones occur in an undisturbed geological context at the Page-Ladson site, Florida. Seventy-one radiocarbon ages show that ~14,550 calendar years ago (cal yr B.P.), people butchered or scavenged a mastodon next to a pond in a bedrock sinkhole within the Aucilla River. This occupation surface was buried by ~4 m of sediment during the late Pleistocene marine transgression, which also left the site submerged. Sporormiella and other proxy evidence from the sediments indicate that hunter-gatherers along the Gulf Coastal Plain coexisted with and utilized megafauna for ~2000 years before these animals became extinct at ~12,600 cal yr B.P. Page-Ladson expands our understanding of the earliest colonizers of the Americas and human-megafauna interaction before extinction.
Resettling the First American ‘Climate Refugees’
ISLE DE JEAN CHARLES, La. — Each morning at 3:30, when Joann Bourg leaves the mildewed and rusted house that her parents built on her grandfather’s property, she worries that the bridge connecting this spit of waterlogged land to Louisiana’s terra firma will again be flooded and she will miss another day’s work.
▻http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/03/us/resettling-the-first-american-climate-refugees.html?smid=tw-nytimes&smtyp=c
Commentaire reçu via la mailing-list critical geo forum:
Regarding ’America’s first climate refugees’, the label was also used for Hurricane Katrina evacuees; for example, ▻http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-worlds-first-climate-refugees-5330221.html and for Alaska ►http://www.theguardian.com/environment/interactive/2013/may/13/newtok-alaska-climate-change-refugees How many firsts can there be?
A large body of literature exists which deconstructs and critiques the entire ’climate change refugees’ discourse showing how problematic it is and why it can do more harm than good—especially doing a disservice to the very people affected. My own contributions to the literature are listed under ’Migration, Islands, and Climate Change’ at ▻http://www.islandvulnerability.org/docs/islandsclimatechange.pdf with many of the papers free to download. Here is a video ▻http://metaceptive.net/footprint-modulation/conference summarising a conference last year which provides up-to-date perspectives on the issue of climate/environmental migrants/refugees.
The science on this topic does not denigrate the real experiences which some Americans and others are having, in terms of being forced to move solely due to climate change, with devastating and unfair impacts. But not all of those identified as ’climate (change) migrants/refugees’ are moving solely due to climate change—or even have climate change as any influence on their migration decisions.
In this Louisiana case, it is more about the apparently first US federal government funding provided for relocating a community due to climate change. Then, we need to ask: What about the communities in Alaska which have been asking for similar support for more than a decade and have not received it? And do the people themselves wish to be called “refugees”? They certainly are not “refugees” by the international law definition, but that is not the only definition to consider. In Alaska, it is clear that climate change is the principal, if not only, reason for the relocation. In Louisiana, how much has urban development, coastal (mis)management, and below-ground resource extraction influenced the wider-scale environmental changes which then affect the local level? Perhaps the answer is “not all at”; perhaps there is influence.
We can help those affected (by climate change and, more importantly, by vulnerability, injustice, and inequity) much more by moving beyond the rhetoric which the media picks up uncritically, thereby ignoring the science which challenges those perspectives and which offers much more robust and meaningful approaches.
Ilan
Twitter @IlanKelman
First US climate refugees get $48 million to move
A first-of-its-kind, $48 million federal grant aims to move the entire community of the sinking Isle de Jean Charles, La., to a drier place.
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/2016/0503/First-US-climate-refugees-get-48-million-to-move?cmpid=TW
First U.S. Climate Refugees Fear Rising Seas Will Drown Their Heritage
Native American coastal communities around the U.S. have begun planning moves to higher ground, but worry their ancient ways of life will be lost in the relocation.
▻https://www.newsdeeply.com/refugees/articles/2016/08/25/first-u-s-climate-refugees-fear-rising-seas-will-drown-their-heritage
• L’attente sans fin à la frontière
▻http://blogs.afp.com/makingof/?post/refugies-l-attente-sans-fin-a-la-frontiere
IDOMENI (frontière gréco-macédonienne), 11 mars 2016 – L’attente. L’absence d’informations. Les conditions épouvantables. Voilà ce qui me marque le plus pendant ce reportage.
Douze jours durant, je photographie les réfugiés qui campent à la frontière entre la Grèce et la Macédoine en espérant poursuivre leur chemin vers l’Europe occidentale à travers ce qu’on appelle la « route des Balkans ».
Mais la frontière n’est ouverte que quelques heures par jour, et une marée humaine s’agglutine derrière les barbelés. Pendant la période où je suis sur place, elle atteint entre dix mille et quatorze mille personnes. Et pour ne pas perdre leur place dans la file d’attente devant le poste-frontière, les gens sont postés jour et nuit près la clôture, sans interruption. C’est complètement fou, surtout quand il commence à pleuvoir : la boue, le froid, les bébés qui pleurent.
http://blogs.afp.com/makingof/public/grece/idomeni/.idomeni-refugies-007_m.jpg 
http://blogs.afp.com/makingof/public/grece/idomeni/.idomeni-refugies-045_m.jpg 
http://blogs.afp.com/makingof/public/grece/idomeni/.idomeni-refugies-037_m.jpg 
http://blogs.afp.com/makingof/public/grece/idomeni/.idomeni-refugies-020_m.jpg
Macedonia closes its border to migrants
The decision follows an EU decree that members must enforce the open-border Schengen agreement, stipulating that nations can bar entry to any migrants who do not plan to apply for asylum in that country.
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-News/2016/0309/Macedonia-closes-its-border-to-migrants?cmpid=TW
Des milliers de réfugiés bloqués à Idomeni dans la boue et le froid
▻http://www.letemps.ch/monde/2016/03/17/milliers-refugies-bloques-idomeni-boue-froid
Migration crisis: Idomeni, the train stop that became an ’an insult to EU values’
Officials to medics warn of health timebomb at Greek-Macedonian border where thousands of people are stranded
▻http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/17/migration-crisis-idomeni-camp-greece-macedonia-is-an-insult-to-eu-value
In #Nepal, earthquake survivors see progress, but can’t yet taste it
A harsh winter, an energy blockade, and delays to $4 billion in foreign aid have taken a toll, nine months after an epic quake. Nepal’s new government says help is on the way.
Al Shabab attacks African Union troops in Somalia. Any prospects for security?
Forces from several African countries have been fighting the militant group in Somalia for over a decade now.
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-News/2016/0115/Al-Shabab-attacks-African-Union-troops-in-Somalia.-Any-prospects-for-secu
Who has the highest share of renewable energy? - The Christian Science Monitor - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Photo-Galleries/Infographics/Who-has-the-highest-share-of-renewable-energy
#North_Dakota becomes first state to legalize weaponized #police #drones
A North Dakota law allows police to outfit drones with ’less-than-lethal’ weapons including stun guns and tear gas. The bill’s original sponsor says he didn’t want weapons of any kind on drones, but that the state law enforcement lobby altered the bill’s language.
BBC News - The Hurricane Station: WWL, the New Orleans radio station that fought to keep listeners alive during Hurricane Katrina
▻http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-20ed5228-1f23-4906-9057-ffdd9d5272f2
On Friday afternoons in the Big Easy, people clock off early.
True to its reputation as America’s most hedonistic city, offices empty as bars and restaurants fill up.
On 26 August 2005, many were scrambling to watch their beloved football team, the Saints, play against the Baltimore Ravens in the New Orleans Superdome.
Built in the 1970s, the Superdome sits next to a spaghetti of concrete flyovers. An imposing steel structure with a white roof, it sits in stark contrast to the Spanish inspired balconies with lace-like finishes in the French quarter, where tourists flock.
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Katrina Washed Away New Orleans’s Black Middle Class | FiveThirtyEight
▻http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/katrina-washed-away-new-orleanss-black-middle-class
▻https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/new_orleans_lede.jpg?quality=100&strip=all
Ten years ago, shortly after the floodwaters subsided, James Gray stood in the ruins of his New Orleans home and tried to salvage what remained of his belongings. They fit inside a handbag.
“I don’t know if my wife will ever get over that,” Gray said recently.
But Gray and his wife have since restored the New Orleans East home where they have lived for more than 20 years. Most of their neighbors have returned, too. And Gray, who now represents the neighborhood on the City Council, points to other evidence of rebirth in a district that has long been home to much of the city’s black middle class: a gleaming new hospital, which opened last year; new schools open or under construction; national chains such as Wal-Mart and CVS that are returning after years of absence.
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A ’new’ New Orleans emerges 10 years after hurricane Katrina - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Society/2015/0825/A-new-New-Orleans-emerges-10-years-after-hurricane-Katrina
New Orleans — American taxpayers put New Orleans back on its feet after hurricane Katrina. Matt Haines helped take it from there.
The young New Yorker came to New Orleans in 2009 as part of Ameri-
Corps to help resurrect the city after one of the worst natural disasters in US history, and, like more than 30,000 other people, never left. He bought a rickety house in the rough St. Claude neighborhood, fixed it up, then bought another. Today he still lives in that second shotgun house – a classic narrow rectangular box with a brightly painted Gothic facade.
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White people in New Orleans say they’re better off after Katrina. Black people don’t. - The Washington Post
▻http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2015/08/24/white-people-in-new-orleans-say-theyre-better-off-after-katrina-blac
This week marks the 10-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina’s landfall in New Orleans. By all accounts, the city has made enormous strides since the 2005 calamity.
But how much residents think that’s true depends largely on their race.
A new Louisiana State University survey found that black and white people in New Orleans had starkly different assessments of their community’s strides since the storm.
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Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30[thinsp]years : Abstract : Nature
▻http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v436/n7051/abs/nature03906.html
Theory1 and modelling2 predict that hurricane intensity should increase with increasing global mean temperatures, but work on the detection of trends in hurricane activity has focused mostly on their frequency3, 4 and shows no trend. Here I define an index of the potential destructiveness of hurricanes based on the total dissipation of power, integrated over the lifetime of the cyclone, and show that this index has increased markedly since the mid-1970s. This trend is due to both longer storm lifetimes and greater storm intensities. I find that the record of net hurricane power dissipation is highly correlated with tropical sea surface temperature, reflecting well-documented climate signals, including multi-decadal oscillations in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and global warming. My results suggest that future warming may lead to an upward trend in tropical cyclone destructive potential, and—taking into account an increasing coastal population—a substantial increase in hurricane-related losses in the twenty-first century.
–-------------------
Is New Orleans in danger of turning into a modern-day Atlantis? | Cities | The Guardian
▻http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/aug/24/new-orleans-hurricane-katrina-louisiana-wetlands-modern-atlantis
In the years before Hurricane Katrina, residents of New Orleans sought solace in the belief that the Crescent City could build itself out of all environmental threats. Despite a sinking urban footprint, a shrinking coastal buffer and rising sea levels, they had faith that strong stormwater infrastructure was enough to keep them safe. The huge, federally built levee system encircling the metropolitan area enshrined that belief.
–-------------
Hurricane Katrina | US news | The Guardian
▻http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/hurricane-katrina
Hurricane Katrina: The latest news and comment on Hurricane Katrina. The Guardian is marking the tenth anniversary of Hurricane Katrina with the series Hurricane Katrina: 10 years on.
–---------------
10 Years After Katrina, Will California’s Capital Be The Next New Orleans? | ThinkProgress
▻http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2015/08/24/3690955/sacramento-katrina-levees
A 2011 New York Times Magazine story sounded the alarm: “Scientists consider Sacramento — which sits at the confluence of the Sacramento and American Rivers and near the Delta — the most flood-prone city in the nation.” The article went on to note that experts fear an earthquake or violent Pacific superstorm could destroy the city’s levees and spur a megaflood that could wreak untold damage on California’s capital region.
#mississippi #katrina #nouvelle_orléans #états_unis #désastre #ouragan #climat
Refugee Map Belgrade Serbia HELP AID
l’art de digérer les flux sur les ensembles mal aimés puis avant le bout de gondole transformer l’accueil en site de rencontre du tralala métisseur
Et pour la région des Balkans :
Refugee Help map
#aide #carte #Balkans
via @luciebacon
US college student creates ’Refugee Help Map’
David Altmayer was studying in Budapest, Hungary, when the refugee crisis broke out. So he designed an interactive online map that shows where the refugees are and what they need.
#Drinkable_book could give millions access to clean water - CSMonitor.com
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2015/0817/Drinkable-book-could-give-millions-access-to-clean-water
With pages that can filter out bacteria, the drinkable book may solve a major public health problem for the 750 million people worldwide without access to clean drinking water.
Redrawing Syrian and Iraqi borders is no easy task | The National
▻http://www.thenational.ae/opinion/comment/redrawing-syrian-and-iraqi-borders-is-no-easy-task
Variations sur l’idée de #Sunnistan(s) par Taylor Luck
Behind closed doors, one scenario is gaining popularity: a Sunni partitioning of Iraq and Syria. Under various proposals, the southern Syrian province of Daraa, Suwayda and Quneitrah would form a separate state, while mainly Sunni Anbar in west Iraq would be combined with Mosul to become an autonomous region. Iraqi Sunni tribesmen have been lobbying Washington for months.
Meanwhile, the Free Syrian Army’s southern forces have been acting independently for more than a year – answering only to the US and Saudi-run Military Operations Centre in Amman.
[...]
But when faced with the facts, autonomous Sunni regions in Syria and Iraq are more fantasy than feasible, even if the idea of sovereign states in southern Syria and west Iraq do have their roots in history.
Sur un thème proche, le même avec Nicholas Blanford :
Syrian war : As neighbors seek border enclaves, a de facto partition ?
▻http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2015/0803/Syrian-war-As-neighbors-seek-border-enclaves-a-de-facto-partition-video
Voir la déconstruction du discours sur l’Irak comme pays artificiel, voir le remarquable essai de Sarah Pursley sur Jadaliyya
▻http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/21759/lines-drawn-on-an-empty-map_iraq%E2%80%99s-borders-and-the
Une version arabe est maintenant publiée : ▻http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/21946/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B7-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%8
#irak #Syrie #jordanie
#Shell in the Arctic: Please, Mr. Obama, may we drill some more?
After multiple setbacks, Shell has begun drilling in the Arctic, and this week has requested permits to drill deeper to continue its search for Arctic oil.
